Uganda has initiated a trial vaccination program in response to the recent Ebola outbreak, which has now seen confirmed cases rise to three. The World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed the trial, focusing on a vaccine specifically designed to combat the Sudan strain of the Ebola virus. This strain is responsible for the current outbreak in Uganda's capital, Kampala.

Initially, a single case was reported last week involving a nurse who tragically passed away on January 29th. However, the Ministry of Health spokesperson, Emmanuel Ainebyoona, recently confirmed two additional cases linked to the deceased nurse's family, bringing the total to three.

Dr. Matshidiso Moeti, WHO's Regional Director for Africa, announced the commencement of the clinical trial via a post on X (formerly Twitter). This trial represents a significant step in addressing the outbreak, as there is currently no approved vaccine for the Sudan strain of Ebola. The available vaccine is effective against the Zaire strain, which was responsible for a recent outbreak in the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo.

The image above depicts a Ugandan doctor attending to a patient at the Mulago Guest House isolation center in Kampala, Uganda, during the launch of the Sudan strain Ebola virus vaccination on February 3, 2025. (Reuters/Abubaker Lubowa)

Dr. Moeti emphasized the importance of this trial, stating that its success could significantly enhance global health security by providing a crucial tool to combat future outbreaks.

The International Aids Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) developed the vaccine being used in the trial. According to Bruce Kirenga, head of the Makerere Lung Institute, the research organization conducting the trial, approximately 2,460 doses have been received. The Ugandan Ministry of Health indicated that individuals who have had contact with confirmed cases will be prioritized for the trial vaccination.

Ebola is a highly dangerous disease, often resulting in fatalities. Symptoms include hemorrhaging, headaches, and muscle pain. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected bodily fluids and tissues.