Recent research presented at the Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC) in Amsterdam reveals that older adults in the eastern and southeastern United States experience the highest prevalence of Alzheimer's disease. This groundbreaking study, the first of its kind, analyzed data from all 3,142 U.S. counties to estimate Alzheimer's rates among the senior population.

Dr. Percy Griffin, director of scientific engagement for the Alzheimer's Association, emphasized the importance of understanding regional prevalence to effectively allocate resources and educational initiatives. The study, also published in Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, found the highest Alzheimer's rates in counties with populations of 10,000 or more aged 65 and above, including Miami-Dade County, Florida; Baltimore City, Maryland; and Bronx County, New York, all at 16.6%. Other high-prevalence areas included Prince George’s County, Maryland (16.1%); Hinds County, Mississippi (15.5%); and Orleans Parish, Louisiana (15.4%).

The research, led by Dr. Kumar B. Rajan of Rush Medical College, utilized data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project and the National Center for Health Statistics. The findings indicate a correlation between higher Alzheimer's rates and larger Black and Hispanic populations, as well as an older average age within these counties. For example, Bronx County, New York, has a significantly higher proportion of African American (30.1%) and Hispanic American (46.9%) residents compared to national averages. Furthermore, 14% of Bronx County's population is 85 or older.

Existing data indicates that older Black Americans face double the risk of Alzheimer's and related dementias compared to older White Americans, while older Hispanics experience a 1.5 times greater risk. Dr. Griffin stressed the need for greater health equity in research and treatment, advocating for inclusive clinical trials and accessible resources for all communities.

Matthew Baumgart, vice president of health policy at the Alzheimer's Association, highlighted the value of this county-level data in informing resource allocation and policy decisions. The information can help public health officials assess the burden on the healthcare system and identify areas requiring targeted support, such as culturally sensitive services and caregiver training.

The Alzheimer's Association estimates that approximately 6.7 million Americans currently live with the disease, and anticipates the largest increase in prevalence between 2020 and 2025 to occur in the western and southwestern regions. This research underscores the growing urgency of the Alzheimer's crisis and the need for continued research, improved healthcare resources, and targeted support for affected communities.